The fortifications of Constantinople in the 15th century
The Dardanelles Gun, cast in 1464 and based on the Orban bombard.
The origins of Orban remains uncertain. According to some scholars he was Hungarian; John Julius Norwich, in A Short History of Byzantium (1997), suggest he was German. Laonicus Chalcondyles (c. 1423–1490), a Byzantine Greek scholar from Athens who lived in the time of siege, in his work Proofs of Histories says that Orban was a 'Dacian' - '[...] but the Emperor had a Dacian cannon founder named Orban, creator of weapons and tools for breking the walls. [...] Orban was a man between two ages, with blond mustache and rosy-cheeked'. Chalcondyles named in his works the Romanians as 'Dacians'. 'Orban' is indeed a Hungarian name, but it is frequent also in Belgium and Holland; spelled 'Urban', it has a Latin ascendancy. Probably, Orban was a Transylvanian-born Hungarian or Romanian, but the hypothesis remains unverified.
Mehmed II by Bellini
The master founder initially tried to sell his services to the Byzantines, who were, however, unable to secure the funds needed to hire him. Orban then left Constantinople and approached Mehmed II. Accordingly, Orban's arrival at Edirne must have seemed providential. The sultan welcomed the master founder and questioned him closely. Mehmed asked if he could cast a cannon to project a stone ball large enough to smash the walls at Constantinople. Orban's reply was emphatic: 'I can cast a cannon of bronze with the capacity of the stone you want. I have examined the walls of the city in great detail. I can shatter to dust not only these walls with the stones from my gun, but the very walls of Babylon itself'. Mehmed ordered him to make the gun. Given abundant funds and materials, the engineer built the gun within three months at Adrianople, from which it was dragged by sixty oxen to Constantinople. In the meantime, Orban also produced other cannons instrumental for the Turkish siege forces.
Constantine XI
The Ottoman army and the Basilica cannon
The bombard technology from which Orban drew had been established between 1400 and 1450 in Western European siege warfare, with some pieces like the Dulle Griet, Mons Meg and the Pumhart von Steyr still extant from the period. He, along with an entire crew, is assumed to have been killed during the siege by one of his superguns exploding, then not an unusual occurrence (Volker Schmidtchen, 1977). One of a growing band of technical mercenaries who plied their trade across the Balkans, he offered to the two Emperors one of the most highly prized skills of the age: the ability to cast large bronze guns. The Orban's cannon symbolized the end of outmoded medieval techniques of castle construction and siege warfare and opened a terrible new chapter in military history. The use of massed artillery bombardment would prevail.
Orbán as "Dacian"? What a laugh - in 1453 the Dacians had already been a tribe extinct for over a millenium, while "Romania" was nowhere to be seen for another 400 years.
ReplyDeleteEven if you accept it or not dacians they survived .Through customs,beliefs,traditions,facial features or I should say race and so many factors I do not have time to count it.You can't erase an entire population just like that , look at the incas for example , such theories with people vanishing in the air are just ridiculous and biased.
ReplyDeleteSo, dacians were Hungarians. That will be a great shot to the false daco-romanian shit. Romania will collapse!
ReplyDeletereply to comemtators here. "dacians equal hungarian only in territorial meaning (part of hungarian empire) not by nationality. How can you be son uneducated.
ReplyDeleteAnd of course byzantines could call people of todays Romania Dacians, why not? Todays Romanians (Rumenians) are dominantly mix of Slavs and Dacians. Just Romanian (=old Rome) language took upper hand there, and currently they call their land this way (but doesn't mean they weren't there before.
It's like some Hungarians say that Slovaks exist just since 1800 or something like that. Hey, they were slavs centuries beforre Hungarians in Slovakia and all the time during Hungarian empire. Just could be under different name. Label isn't important.
" Laonicus Chalcondyles (c. 1423–1490), a Byzantine Greek scholar from Athens who lived in the time of siege, in his work Proofs of Histories says that Orban was a 'Dacian' - '[...] but the Emperor had a Dacian cannon founder named Orban, creator of weapons and tools for breking the walls. [...] Orban was a man between two ages, with blond mustache and rosy-"
ReplyDeleteThe above testimony of the historian that lived at that time it is the most credibble.
Any other,information,stated by people,living today is political trash.!
In That time,Romania of today was called Dacia,in those times.
Orban was ,an engineer,that lived and learned his trade in,the city,of Brasov,situated in the center of Romania.
Brasov was ,inhabited ,from the begining,by German and Romanian people.
Metal working was ,the main industry in Brasov,and it is most credibble to assume that Orban learned the trade from,German metalurgists in Brasov,as they were way ahead ,in metal tehnology compared to any other city in Europe.
The name of the city,Brasov,mean the city that know the secret to make brass alloy.
The name Orban is common in Romania of today,and also found in Hungary,as Dacia ,was a big country and had the western border,at river Tisa,Center of Hungary Today!.
Orban was not Dacian, but a Hungarian piece of garbage who served the garbage turks.
ReplyDeleteHe was paid 4 millions golden lira by the ottomans
DeleteHis initial goal was to build it for the Byzantine empire for 1 million golden lira but they declined . The ottomans on the other hand offered him 4 times what he wanted .
How can you reject such generous offer ?
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ReplyDeleteWhatsapp:+2349046229159